Combustion device



R. w. slMPsoN 2,139J7 COMBUSTION DVICE Filedv Nov. 12, 1936 IN VEN TOR. HALPH W smPvsa/v I AT'TO EY.

Parenred Dee. 18,1938 2,139,776

UNiTED STTES PATENT DFFICE 2,139,776 COMIBUST'ION DEVICE Ralph W. Simpson, Warren, Ohio Application November 12, 1936, Serial No. 110,450 2 Claims. (Cl. 2633-45) This invention reletes to combustion devices, combustion devices in other respects hereinafter and has reference more particularly to devices of Speefied and Clamed.

the class described especially adapted for use in Reference is to be had to the aocompanvine opon hearth furneees, drawng forming a part of this specification, in An open hearth furnace consists of a melting Whieh hearth over which combustion takes place to Fig- 1 is a central sectionaI elevation through melt the charge of steel. Without preheating of the ah' and fuel ports at ono Side of the mproved the air and fuel, a temperature high enough to Open heerth furnace, and v melt steel cannot be attained. In order to ac- Fies- 2 and 3 are SeetiOne'l eleve'tiOnS thrOilgh complish this preheating of the gas and air, oppothe fllrne-ee taken On lineS 2-?- end 3-3 I'eSDeC- 1 site and identical ports and orifices are formed tiVelyo as part of the furnace and are provided with Referrng tO the drewing by numerels, astandchecker brick chambers, one for gas and one for aid Open heerth furnace OOnSiStS in a Inelting air at each side of the furnace, hearth lt which is generally rectangular or oval Preheating is accomplished by heating a mass in Shape, end iS prOViCled With a I'OOf ii- In of checker brick with the waste products of compractice it is customary to provide air and fuel bustion for a period of time, then closing these ports at diametrioally oppcsite points, these ports heated checkers to the outgoing products of combeing connected tO Checker ehambeI'S OI' the bustion, and passing the incoming air through Purpose of preheatins the air and gas prior to this checker,--likewise passing the incoming gas entry into combustion space |2 so as to insure a 20 through another similar heated checker. The dihigh enOllgh temperature tO melt the Steel- The rection of the gases is reversed about every twenty flOW Of gas and air is reVerSed in direction minutes so as to keep the checkers considerably pel'iOdieelly S0 es tO keep the Checker ehambei's hotter then the incoming gas and air. As exhot.

haust ports become alternately inlet ports and The salient feature of this invention consists 25 being of fixed size, difiiculties in operation dein the construction of these gas and air ports so velop. that the cross sectional areas of the gas and air Fuel consumption varies with the different ports may be varied at will between certain limits. stages of heat, that is, melting down generally This Variation in 'port area permits the Velocity 'i't consumes more fuel, and refining less fuel. The of the gas and air to be maintained constant, or

operator rarely changes his supply of air and I varied to sut the requirements of a steel *'heat find that if the air is metered and adjusted to at various stages of refinement. To accomplish the volume of fuel, the highest temperatures are this result, the roof Il has a downwardly sloping of necessity reached, and a considerable saving area E3 adjacent the periphery of the hearth, and

3,5 in fuel consumption is effected. I find, however, an air port roof le slopes upwardly from the secr that when the flow of fuel gas is reduced with air tion E3. The roof 14 is preferably arcuate in 30 reduced in proportion, velocities became so low cross section as seen in Figs. 2 and 3, said roof that the incoming fuel gas would burn along the terminating in downwardly extending walls 15 roof and quickly melt it down, thus decreasing and le So as to' form an inverted U-Shaped 40 furnace 1ffe I have djscovered that Some means Chamber of variable cross-section area for the 40 of changing the inle't port size with a change in passa'ge of air' The bottoms of Walls '5 and '5 fue1 consumpton '15 mperatwa o are supported on the ground or port base l'l. A An object of this invention, therefore, is to prouel gas port. roof member 8 IS gnemny amuate vide a port construction for open hearth furnaces m fms Sectlon' and. 15 provldd Wml dpwnwardly *o or other combustion devices, in which the area of :l f lveg Sllsg :ctlltalglgs algc rgt egalemf: 22 respectively. It will be seen that the fuel gas burning along the roof of the furnace and destro port member '8 l-s m the form of an mverted U' m the brickwork y and the rear of said port is provided with a closure g wall 23 which slidably engages a fixed Wing 24, the 50 Another object of the inVentiOn iS tO iiI'OVide e' latter extending rearwardly at an inclination combustion dev1ce for open hearth furnaces which from e, rear we11 25 en the furnace stmeture, A effects important savings in fuel consumption b'y fuel gas inlet duct 26 extends upwardly between adJustment of the amount of fuel to the heat rewall 25 and a solid masonry foundation 21, so

quirements of the batch of steel; also to improve as to conduct the fuel gas from checkerwork, not 55 when the gas port is moved to the right and uplarger Volume of fuel gas. Thus the Velocity of air and gas delivered to the hearth I may be Varied within reasonable limits to vary the intensity of heat at different stages in the operation, and to maintain a sufiiciently high gas and air Velocity that the fiame does not burn along the hearth roof H and destroy the brickwork. When the direction of the gases is reversed to heat up the Checker chambers, gas port 18 maybe withdrawn to the extreme right hand position, so that the least possible resistance is offered to the flow of hot gases of cornbustion through the gas duet 2G and an air duct 30. The gas port |8 is preferably provided with hollow walls for water cooling in a manner well known to the art.

In order to provide for greater flexibility and independent Variation of both the gas and air Velocities, a damper .'52 is arranged in the roof M, said damper extending the full width between the walls E and IB and being hinged thereto by means of pivot rod 33. An arcuate wing 318 is shownV may be used to' rock the damper 32.

Withthe port construction disclosed, vastly different quantities of fuel may be burned with Constant Velocity, or a Constant volume of fuel may be burned with greatly diff ring Velocities. My improved combustion device effects a fuel saving of about 25% in the operation of open hearth furnaces. The improved design permits the burning of the maximum amount of fuel when the furnace is cool with little erosion of the brickwork, and permits the burning of a minimum of fuel when the furnace is hot, again reducing the erosion of the brickwork. Maintion, the heating time for a heat of steel will be reduced 10 to In the past, it has been necessary to supply different size burners for diiferent size furnaces or combustion capacities.

With my improved design, such duplication of equipment is largely avoided. With a standard, or fixed size port orifice, it is necessary to run the furnace with little change in fuel rate, because a change to increase will cause the fiame to stretch across the furnace to the outlet port and burn down in the checkers thereby shortening Checker life, and because a change to decrease will cause the flame to float along the roof thereby shortening roof life. culties are avoided with my improved variable ports.

It should be understood that my invention can be widely used for furnaces of diiferent kinds, and for combustion devices in general.

an upper wall in diverging relation to said bottomwall, and 'adapted to Vary in effective cross sectional area as-the cross sectional areal of said fuel port Varies.

2. In a combustion structure for open hearth furnaces, and inverted U-shaped-fuel inlet port member having a pair of d'ownwardly extending Walls, a. pair of Vertical ledges slidably supporting saidport-member walls Varying the orifice area of saidv port.

RALPI-I W. SIMPSON.

walls having inclined: 

